By Oudai Tozan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Photo Credit: Marwan Hilal (https:\/\/www.pinterest.co.uk\/marwanhi101\/)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Higher Education (HE) sector in Syria was established more than 100 years ago, with the first public university in the Arabic world. During these past 100 years, Syria has witnessed huge shifts in its political and social spheres which has been reflected in the sector’s governance. This paper reviews the evolution of the HE sector in Syria in light of these political and social shifts, particularly its political and social agendas. The paper argues that four critical stages in Syria’s history are important to understanding the evolution of the sector. Stage one \u2013 between 1918 and 1958 \u2013 was post-independence; stage two \u2013 1958 and 2000 \u2013 was defined by socialism; stage three \u2013 2000 and 2011 \u2013 neo-liberalism, and finally stage four between 2011 and the present time defined by the conflict. During these stages, the sector has moved from being a tool of independence to being a tool of political domination and indoctrination, a tool of neo-liberalism and finally, a tool of war.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To read more: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767724.2023.2265854<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n